Regardless of if liberation resolves this new contradictions into the oppressors and you will oppressed anyone, in addition relies on certain contradictions like this

During the Pedagogy of one’s Oppressed, Freire pulls heavily to your ideas regarding Karl Marx and you will Friedrich Engels-particularly the concept of dialectics . Good “dialectical” attitude starts with a good “thesis” (a primary suggestion otherwise suggestion) and you will an “antithesis” (an idea that opposes or contradicts the newest thesis), therefore the correspondence of these two information brings an excellent “synthesis,” or an alternative indisputable fact that reconciles the latest disagreement between them totally new facts. Freire contends that dialectics is the fundamental logic out-of truth, and then he uses dialectic believe in the talks off oppression , degree, and you can public changes. Predicated on Freire, whenever oppressed somebody arrived at see the industry since “dialectical,” they be more conscious of how fact work and will ergo affect truth becoming a whole lot more free.

Within his theories around the globe and of human understanding, Freire raises several samples of digital, conflicting info that needs to be resolved. For 1, his make of records is actually dialectical: he highlights you to definitely “ templates ” (the fresh new economic phrase off suggestions and you may philosophy through the a historical minute) and you will “ limit-factors ” (historic problems that limit person liberty ) usually exists in conjunction which have oppositional or contradictory themes and you may points. The fresh motif from “domination,” like, try dialectically go against the motif out of “ liberation .” Once the some people make an effort to feel free while others make an effort to manage its oppressive energy, spdate the new contradiction try resolved through the personal changes you to definitely occurs more than date.

Freire together with uses dialectical strategies in the concepts from knowledge and personal change. As the Freire believes that background continues predicated on dialectical reason, the guy argues one to insights dialectical imagine might help oppressed somebody get step in order to 100 % free by themselves. This new “ financial model” away from studies (where a teacher says to people to help you learn and you can remember items) is actually no way dialectical. The newest professor provides studies, in which he otherwise she imposes one to knowledge to the college students. Freire’s “problem-posing model,” although not, is actually dialectical where instructors and you may people show crucial, and sometimes contradictory, details which might be taken to a synthesis due to class effort.

As the chief additionally the people have contrary perspectives, the leader is reconcile men and women views which will make another type of strategy

Freire spends this new illustration of work settlement to spell it out how dialectical believe, because practiced when you look at the degree, applies so you’re able to political struggles. Within this circumstance, a small grouping of oppressed experts wants to demand large shell out, if you find yourself its commander desires to force for much more significant alter. Freire contends that the solution to this problem will be based upon “synthesis”: the top will be focus on the people to find high earnings, when you’re problematic the people to ask why they need to simply query for high earnings.

It is critical to note that Freire’s dialectical strategy has its problems. Even when dialectics are generally used in Marxist opinions, most other important steps (eg new of them) reject the idea you to dialectical logic is also define record and you may reality. Freire splits community into the a strict binary out-of oppressors and oppressed somebody, if you find yourself a nuanced view of oppression you’ll think intersectionality-the idea you to definitely societal classes intermix in a manner you to definitely an individual may getting as well oppressor and you can oppressed.

A far more nuanced view of oppression may additionally consider the reasons of people who try to uphold the newest reputation quo. Eg, Freire create condemn a political frontrunner who wants to do extreme societal alter, but merely renders low transform which do not difficulties new oppressive system. When you are Freire observes this type of small change because the a sign of “untrue generosity” (just like the he thinks one a leader exactly who its cares about the oppressed is always to work to manage a wholly brand new area), it have a look at takes as a given one oppressors see on their own and oppressed as actually entirely separate. Whether or not the guy covers cutting edge leaders, Freire points out a contradiction that renders their part regarding the battle more challenging. Cutting edge frontrunners need to pick themselves included in the oppressed so you to definitely each other communities can be fight getting independence together with her; although not, they likewise have getting different from the oppressed, to allow them to organize and coordinate the new groups.